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Congenital Factor XI Deficiency in a Domestic Shorthair Cat

From the Garden State Veterinary Specialists (Troxel, Esterline), 1 Pine Street, Tinton Falls, New Jersey 07753 and the Comparative Coagulation Section – Diagnostic Laboratory (Brooks), Cornell University, Upper Tower Road, Ithaca, New York 14853.

A 6-month-old, female, domestic shorthair cat was examined after onychectomy and ovariohysterectomy because of bleeding from the paws. Prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time was discovered. Coagulation factor analyses revealed deficiency of factor XI coagulant activity. Plasma mixing studies indicated factor deficiency or dysfunction rather than factor inhibition. Feline factor XI deficiency in one adult cat has been previously reported but was attributed to factor XI inhibitors. The signalment, lack of primary disease, and the finding of persistent factor XI deficiency in the absence of coagulation inhibitors were considered compatible with congenital factor XI deficiency in the cat of this report.