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Systemic Mycobacterium avium Infection in a Dog Diagnosed by Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis of Buffy Coat

From the Departments of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and the Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (Oaks, Bradway), College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6610.

Address all correspondence to Dr. Mealey.

Dogs may be infected by Mycobacterium (M.) tuberculosis, M. bovis, and M. avium complex, and the clinical signs associated with each of these infections may be indistinguishable. Rapid speciation of the infecting organism is desirable because of the public health concerns associated with M. bovis and M. tuberculosis infections. A mycobacterial infection was suspected in the dog of this report based on acid-fast staining of organisms in macrophages obtained from liver aspirates and buffy-coat preparations. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of a buffy-coat preparation identified M. avium.